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MikeDunnAuthorToday in Labor History April 14, 1917: IWW sailors went on strike in Philadelphia and won a ten dollar per month raise. Ben Fletcher, an African-American IWW organizer, was instrumental in organizing the Philadelphia waterfront. Fletcher was born in Philly in 1890. He joined the Wobblies (IWW) in 1912, became secretary of the IWW District Council in 1913. He also co-founded the interracial Local 8 in 1913.In 1913, Fletcher led 10,000 IWW Philly dockworkers on a strike. Within two weeks, they won a 10-hr day, overtime pay, & created one of the most successful antiracist, anticapitalist union locals in the U.S. At the time, roughly one-third of the dockers on the Philadelphia waterfront were black. Another 33% were Irish. And about 33% were Polish and Lithuanian. Prior to the IWW organizing drive, the employers routinely pitted black workers against white, and Polish against Irish. The IWW was one of the only unions of the era that organized workers into the same locals, regardless of race or ethnicity. And its main leader in Philadelphia was an African American, Ben Fletcher. By 1916, thanks in large part to Fletcher’s organizing skill, all but two of Philadelphia’s docks were controlled by the IWW. And the union maintained control of the Philly waterfront for about a decade. At that time, roughly 10% of the IWW’s 1 million members were African American. Most had been rejected from other unions because of their skin color. Fletcher also traveled up and down the east coast organizing dockers. However, he was nearly lynched in Norfolk, Virginia in 1917. And in 1918, the state arrested him, sentencing him to ten years for the crime of organizing workers during wartime. He served three years.You can read my full biography of Ben Fletcher here: <a href="https://michaeldunnauthor.com/2021/05/13/ben-fletcher-and-the-iww-dockers/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank">https://michaeldunnauthor.com/2021/05/13/ben-fletcher-and-the-iww-dockers/</a><a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/workingclass" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#workingclass</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/LaborHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#LaborHistory</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/IWW" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#IWW</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/union" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#union</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/strike" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#strike</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/benfletcher" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#benfletcher</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/racism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#racism</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/africanamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#africanamerican</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/philadelphia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#philadelphia</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/longshore" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#longshore</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/lynching" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#lynching</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/BlackMastadon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#BlackMastadon</a>

Project GutenbergFacts and Myths About Harriet Tubman"Despite being a popular historical figure, the best-known details about Harriet Tubman’s life are a mixture of fact and myth."<a href="https://www.thecollector.com/facts-and-myths-about-harriet-tubman/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank">https://www.thecollector.com/facts-and-myths-about-harriet-tubman/</a>Books about Harriet Tubman at PG<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/search/?query=Harriet+Tubman&submit_search=Search" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank">https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/search/?query=Harriet+Tubman&submit_search=Search</a><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#history</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/africanamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#africanamerican</a>

Project Gutenberg<a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/OTD" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#OTD</a> in 1856, Booker T. Washington, the African-American educator, author, and orator was born.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booker_T._Washington" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booker_T._Washington</a>His books at PG:<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/880" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank">https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/880</a><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/books" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#books</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/africanamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#africanamerican</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/authors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#authors</a>

LuigiMiembros del <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/KuKluxKlan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#KuKluxKlan</a> eran jueces, abogados y banqueros. No solo los agricultores como a menudo son retratados. Por eso llevaban máscaras. Eran hombres prominentes y no quería ninguma consecuencias de su derecho y deber de aterrorizar comunidades negras <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackexcellence" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackexcellence</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackwomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackwomen</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackpeople</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blacklivesmatter" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blacklivesmatter</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackhistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackhistory</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackexperience" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackexperience</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackhistory365" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackhistory365</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackHistoryMatters" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackHistoryMatters</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/africanamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#africanamerican</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackculture" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackculture</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Blackhistorymonth2025" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Blackhistorymonth2025</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackliberation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#blackliberation</a>

Project GutenbergA new study traces the history of Black American literary groups.By Brittany Allen<a href="https://lithub.com/a-new-study-traces-the-history-of-black-american-literary-groups/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank">https://lithub.com/a-new-study-traces-the-history-of-black-american-literary-groups/</a><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/books" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#books</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#history</a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/africanamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#africanamerican</a>

Preston MacDougallMiddle <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/Tennessee" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Tennessee</a> State <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/University" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#University</a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/histodons" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#histodons</a> assist the <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/AfricanAmerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#AfricanAmerican</a> community in <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/Murfreesboro" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Murfreesboro</a> preserve the <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#history</a> of the Cemetery School in a museum. The segregated school was created for the <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#education</a> of children of former <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/slaves" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#slaves</a> who were hired to bury <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/Union" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Union</a> Army casualties, including those killed during the <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/CivilWar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#CivilWar</a> Battle of Stones River that occurred nearby.<a href="https://mainstreetmediatn.com/articles/murfreesboropost/mtsu-helps-cemetery-school-take-on-new-role-as-black-museum/?pubid=murfreesboropost" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank">https://mainstreetmediatn.com/articles/murfreesboropost/mtsu-helps-cemetery-school-take-on-new-role-as-black-museum/?pubid=murfreesboropost</a>

MikeDunnAuthorToday in Labor History March 15, 1877: Ben Fletcher, African-American IWW organizer was born on this date. Fletcher organized longshoremen in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He joined the Wobblies (IWW) in 1912, became secretary of the IWW District Council in 1913. He also co-founded the interracial Local 8 in 1913. By 1916, thanks in large part to Fletcher’s organizing skill, all but two of Philadelphia’s docks were controlled by the IWW. And the union maintained control of the Philly waterfront for about a decade. After the 1913 strike, Fletcher traveled up and down the east coast organizing dockers. However, he was nearly lynched in Norfolk, Virginia in 1917. At that time, roughly 10% of the IWW’s 1 million members were African American. Most had been rejected from other unions because of their skin color. In 1918, the state arrested him, sentencing him to ten years for the crime of organizing workers during wartime. He served three years.<a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/workingclass" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#workingclass</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/LaborHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#LaborHistory</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/IWW" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#IWW</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/BenFletcher" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#BenFletcher</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/racism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#racism</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/AfricanAmerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#AfricanAmerican</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/lynching" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#lynching</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/prison" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#prison</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/union" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#union</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/strike" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#strike</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/wobblies" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#wobblies</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/longshore" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#longshore</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/philadelphia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#philadelphia</a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/BlackMastadon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#BlackMastadon</a>

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